The Influence of Home Environment and Learning Activities on Kindergartners’ Numeracy Skills

Abstract

Early numeracy serves as a critical foundation for lifelong learning, enabling young children to understand numbers, patterns, and quantities in everyday contexts. Despite its importance, limited local studies have examined the combined influence of the home environment and home-based learning activities on kindergartners’ numeracy skills. This study investigated how these factors influence early numeracy development among kindergarten learners in a public elementary school during School Year 2025–2026. Using a descriptive–correlational design, 152 learners were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using an adapted Home Learning Environment Questionnaire, a Learning Activities Checklist, and a standardized numeracy assessment aligned with the MATATAG Kindergarten Curriculum. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that learners experienced a moderate level of home support and engagement in learning activities, while numeracy skills were at moderate level. Regression results showed that both home environment and learning activities significantly influenced numeracy skills, with learning activities emerging as the stronger predictor. The study highlights the importance of supportive home interactions and meaningful learning experiences in developing early numeracy skills. It is recommended that schools strengthen parental engagement programs and promote structured home-based learning activities to enhance children’s foundational mathematical development.