Classroom Activities and Their Impact on English-Speaking Confidence among Primary School Students in Tajikistan

Abstract

As globalization deepens, English as a global language plays an increasingly critical role in cross-cultural communication and educational development. In Tajikistan, expanding English education at the primary level is a core component of national education strategy, designed to foster students’ global perspectives and communicative competence. However, in real classroom practice, many Tajik primary school students demonstrate low confidence in spoken English, which significantly hinders their learning progress and overall linguistic development. As the central medium of English language teaching, classroom activities directly shape students’ learning engagement and confidence in oral expression.