Circular (Recycling) Economy in Bangladesh: A Study

Abstract

Rapid industrialization and population growth in Bangladesh have intensified waste management challenges, leading to environmental degradation and resource scarcity. This paper explores the transition from a traditional "Linear Economy" to a "Circular Economy" (Ahmed et al 2022) as a dual solution for environmental protection and economic growth. The study identifies three core principles: designing out waste, extending product lifespans, and regenerating natural systems. Analysis of local industries reveals varying levels of resource integration: Kiam Metal Industries meets 35% of its raw material demand through recycled aluminum, while Bashundhara Paper Mill and Filotex Fashion Ltd. utilize 15% and 10% waste, respectively. Furthermore, approximately 40% of discarded household waste in the country is repurposed for biogas production. The paper concludes that achieving a sustainable "Blue Economy" requires responsible production, reduced consumption, and robust policy frameworks to transform waste into a "promising industry" that creates employment and ensures environmental stability.