Fostering Civic Responsibility Through an Environmental Awareness Study on Littering in Malaysia

Abstract

This study explores how environmental education and public engagement foster civic responsibility and influence littering behaviour in Malaysia. Using a mixed-methods approach combining surveys (n = 43) and observations, findings show moderate awareness but limited understanding of long-term ecological impacts. Social media, formal education, and gamified learning emerged as complementary tools for promoting civic-minded behaviour. Integrating educational, behavioural, and design perspectives, the study contributes to Design for Behaviour Change (DfBC) and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), highlighting the value of multi-platform environmental education and community participation in creating cleaner, more sustainable urban environments.