A Sociological Analysis of Educational Attainment among the Baiga Tribe in Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyse the Educational Attainment among the Baiga Tribe in Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh. Purposive sampling was used in this study; 300 people were selected from different villages in Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh. The sample was also divided by age and gender. A descriptive survey-based design was used in this study. The findings suggested that the education of Baiga tribal people faces multiple socio-economic and institutional challenges, as reflected in a survey of 300 students. Poverty (50 students) emerges as the most significant barrier, limiting access to education due to financial constraints and forcing children into labour or household responsibilities (40 students). Additionally, difficulty in understanding subjects or language (35 students) presents an academic challenge, while early marriage (25 students) disproportionately affects female students, leading to premature school dropout. The lack of infrastructure in schools (30 students) and inadequate hostel facilities (30 students) further exacerbate accessibility issues. Teacher-related concerns, including insufficient guidance (25 students) and frequent teacher absenteeism (30 students), contribute to declining student engagement. Student disinterest (35 students), influenced by an uninspiring curriculum and limited parental support, is another critical factor. The literacy and dropout data reveal alarming trends: 28% of Baiga children remain illiterate, while 39.6% drop out at the primary and middle levels. Enrolment sharply declines beyond secondary education: only 6.3% reach higher secondary education, and even fewer pursue graduation (3%) or higher studies (0.3%). The findings underscore the urgent need for policy interventions, including financial support, improved school infrastructure, teacher training, and culturally relevant education programs, to bridge these educational gaps and enhance learning opportunities for Baiga children.