Factors Affecting Language Literacy amongst Young Prisoners in the Welikada Prison, Sri Lanka: A Qualitative Inquiry

Abstract

This study explores the multifaceted factors influencing language literacy levels among young inmates (aged 18–30) at Welikada Prison, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Utilizing a qualitative approach that involves semi-structured interviews (questionnaires) and thematic analysis, the research identifies systemic, socio-economic, and psychological barriers to literacy. Findings suggest that while the Department of Prisons provides basic educational frameworks, overcrowding, lack of specialized instructors, and the prisonization effect significantly hinder literacy development. The study concludes with recommendations for integrating digital literacy and peer-mentorship programs to enhance rehabilitative outcomes.