Exploring Women’s Perceptions of Gender Rights Advocacy in Leadership and Public Decision-Making Processes: Evidence from Three Districts in Masvingo Province

Abstract

This study explored rural women’s perceptions of their ability to advocate for gender rights and assume leadership roles in public decision-making. This study was carried in three districts namely; Bikita, Chivi and Zaka in Masvingo Province-Zimbabwe. The study used qualitative methods, including focus group discussions and purposive sampling. A total of 44 women participated in the study, comprising 11 from Bikita, 23 from Chivi and 10 from Zaka. Findings revealed a hierarchy of confidence, highest in local, tangible activities and lowest in national policy participation. Women’s self-efficacy was strengthened by peer support and prior successes but limited by fears of stigma, opposition from traditional leaders and structural barriers. The study confirms the confidence gradient across governance levels and shows that social risks, rather than lack of knowledge, restrict women’s agency. The study recommended capacity-building programs, mentorship, visible pathways and fostering strategic allyship to transform social and institutional norms. The research also highlighted the need for psychological and structural support to enhance participation and advance women’s leadership in rural contexts.