A Systematic Review of Greenhouse and Integrated Pest Management Adoption in Tomato Production: Insights from Smallholder Farming Regions

Abstract

This systematic review examines the literature on the use of greenhouse technology and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in tomato production. It focuses on the effects on yield and economic returns, as well as the challenges farmers face. Following the PRISMA method, we conducted a thorough search of academic and institutional databases. Studies have shown that combining greenhouse and IPM practices significantly improves yield stability and farm profits by reducing biotic and abiotic stressors. However, farmers still face significant barriers to adoption, such as high upfront costs, limited access to credit and quality inputs, and a lack of technical training. The review also highlights the growing role of ICT-based services in supporting IPM use. This synthesis offers essential insights for policymakers and extension services seeking to promote resilient, sustainable tomato production systems, especially for smallholder farmers. Future research should examine long-term socioeconomic impacts and context-specific adoption models.