Investigating the Level of Lean Construction Implementation in Malaysian Construction Projects

Abstract

This study investigates the level of Lean Construction (LC) implementation among G7 contractors in Malaysia. Despite its proven potential to improve productivity, reduce waste, and enhance project efficiency, the adoption of LC within the Malaysian construction industry remains limited. A quantitative research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire distributed to G7 contractors to assess their familiarity, awareness, and application of key LC techniques such as 5S, Just in Time (JIT), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Last Planner System (LPS), and Kanban. Descriptive statistical analysis, including frequency, percentage, and mean score, was used to evaluate the data. Findings revealed that most respondents demonstrated a moderate level of familiarity with Lean Construction concepts, with 5S and JIT being the most commonly recognized and applied techniques. However, the overall level of implementation was found to be low, as many respondents reported that Lean practices were rarely applied in their organizations. This may be attributed to limited awareness of LC terminology, despite some contractors informally applying Lean principles in daily operations. The study concludes that while Lean Construction concepts are partially practiced, there is a need for greater awareness, training, and institutional support to strengthen Lean adoption in Malaysia’s construction sector.