The Dynamics of Northern Maluku Local Politics after the Birth of Law No. 46 Year 1999

Abstract

This research discusses the dynamics of local politics in North Maluku Province Indonesia after the birth of Law Number 46 of 1999 which stipulates the division of the region from Maluku Province. This division became the starting point for significant changes in the structure of local government, the configuration of political elites, and the pattern of power relations at the local level. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the process of government transition, traditional and modern elite contestation, and regional autonomy policies affect the development of local politics in North Maluku. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive-analytical approach through literature studies, documentation, and in-depth interviews with a number of key informants. The results showed that the formation of North Maluku Province opened up space for more intense political competition, especially in the struggle for strategic positions, both at the provincial and district/city levels. In addition, the role of the sultanates - especially Ternate and Tidore - is still visible through political symbolism and cultural support that influences the local power map. The regional autonomy policy also provides opportunities for regions to develop self-governance, but at the same time gives rise to political practices of patronage, elite fragmentation, and competition based on economic interests and natural resources.