Strengthening Social-Emotional Skills in Children with Autism using Serious Game

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent deficits in social interaction, communication difficulties, restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These impairments can significantly hinder children's ability to empathise, engage in peer relationships, and manage appropriate social behaviours. In Malaysia, the prevalence of ASD is estimated at approximately 1 in 600 children, reflecting a growing need for effective and inclusive intervention strategies. This study examines the effectiveness of a serious game on the social-emotional skills of children with autism. The study involved eight children aged 5 to 10 years with varying levels of autism severity and was implemented in a classroom setting, supported by three special education teachers. Data collection was conducted through direct classroom observation, interviews with 3 special education teachers, and facial expression recognition to detect emotional responses exhibited by the children with autism during gameplay. The analysis focused on observable changes in emotional expression, engagement levels, and interaction with peers. Findings suggest that the serious game positively influenced the children’s ability to recognise and express emotions, with several instances of improved peer interaction noted during and after gameplay. Teacher feedback further supported these observations, highlighting increased classroom engagement and social participation. The use of facial expression recognition provided objective insights into emotional responses, reinforcing the qualitative findings. Overall, the results demonstrate that game-based intervention, combined with technological tools and educator support, can enhance social-emotional development among children with autism and promote a more inclusive classroom environment.