Methodological Reflections on Conducting Qualitative Research During Uncertain Periods

Abstract

This paper presents a methodological reflection on conducting qualitative research during uncertain periods, drawing from the experience of a study undertaken with chefs in Malaysia’s hotel sector during the COVID 19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to examine how researchers can maintain methodological rigor, ethical sensitivity, and reflexivity when traditional fieldwork is constrained by external disruptions. The discussion highlights the challenges faced, the adaptive strategies employed, and the lessons learned from conducting research during an environment of uncertainty. A qualitative case study approach guided by the interpretivist paradigm was used to explore the lived experiences of ten chefs working in Klang Valley hotels. Semi structured interviews were conducted virtually through online platforms such as Zoom and Google Meet to overcome restrictions on physical access. Data management and analysis involved iterative coding, reflective journaling, and maintaining an audit trail to ensure transparency and dependability. Regular discussions with academic supervisors and validation with participants enhanced the credibility of the study and reduced interpretive bias. This methodological reflection identifies three central lessons. First, adaptability is essential for preserving the quality and depth of qualitative inquiry in disrupted contexts. Second, reflexivity and empathy are critical in developing rapport and ethical awareness in virtual environments. Third, methodological flexibility enables researchers to transform limitations into opportunities for innovation and learning. The paper concludes that qualitative research can remain credible, rigorous, and contextually meaningful when guided by preparedness, reflection, and a human centered approach. The lessons derived from this experience provide valuable implications for future research undertaken in similarly uncertain or crisis driven conditions.