Greening the Campus: Stakeholders’ Insights on Sustainability Practices in a Chinese Higher Education Institution

Abstract

Universities play a vital role in advancing sustainability by integrating environmental responsibility into teaching, research, operations, and community engagement. This study examined stakeholders’ insights on the implementation and effectiveness of green campus initiatives in a private higher education institution in China. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were gathered from 210 faculty members, administrative staff, and students to assess the extent of implementation, awareness, and satisfaction with sustainability practices. Results revealed that while operational initiatives—such as waste management, energy conservation, and environmental education—were highly implemented, governance and policy frameworks remained moderately developed, with limited accountability mechanisms and stakeholder participation. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between awareness and satisfaction (r = 0.64, p < 0.01), yet causality cannot be inferred due to the study’s cross-sectional design. Subgroup analysis indicated slight variations in perceptions across gender and stakeholder roles, suggesting differentiated engagement levels that can inform targeted interventions. The study underscores the need for stronger institutional accountability, inclusive governance, and the integration of living-lab and student-led sustainability programs to embed environmental stewardship within campus culture. Future research is encouraged to adopt longitudinal or mixed-method approaches to measure behavioral and institutional impacts of green campus initiatives.