Sustainable Solutions to Reduce the Impact of Drought in Somalia

Abstract

Drought is a natural climatic phenomenon that occurs when rainfall is less than average for an extended period of time. It can occur at any time and in any location. Droughts are extremely difficult to predict at the start and end. It happens quietly, and the consequences can last for years after the event is over. Drought is a natural occurrence with economic, environmental, and social implications. Drought is characterized by a prolonged lack of precipitation that results in significant water scarcity in a region. Drought usually begins in agriculture and then spreads to other water-dependent industries. Due to its geographical location, fragile environment, volatile climate, political instability in the country, and the potential effects of global warming, Somalia is vulnerable to drought. Reducing the negative effects of drought is possible if precautions are taken prior to the drought and proper planning is made during the drought period. As a result, the measures to be taken before the drought and the steps that can be taken during the drought should be planned separately. Although we cannot increase water supply by ensuring the continuity of precipitation, we can mitigate the negative effects of drought.