Illicit Circulation of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and Preventive Measures

Abstract

In recent years, crimes related to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances have been escalating sharply in Mongolia, reaching a level that poses serious threats to public health, social stability, and national security. The purpose of this study is to examine the current state of drug-related crime, the factors influencing it, prevention possibilities, and international experiences. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative analysis, drawing on statistical data from 2018–2026, legal documents, government agency reports, and international research sources. The findings indicate that young people aged 18–34 are the most frequently implicated in drug-related crimes, with socioeconomic, family, and psychological factors playing a dominant role. The growing use of synthetic narcotic substances and the increase in cross-border illicit supply are also of significant concern. Accordingly, the study concludes that addressing this issue requires not only criminal sanctions but also the implementation of policies grounded in preventive education, psychological support, healthcare services, and inter-agency cooperation.