Cuba’s Economic and Demographic Challenges: Examining Regime Sustainability and Ideological Fragmentation between the “two” Cubas

by Mirko Ivanović

Published: June 6, 2026 • DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100500539

Abstract

This paper is significant because it includes research from several scientific perspectives, which together with the research of the author of this paper gives an overall multidisciplinary picture of the current economic, demographic and geopolitical situation on the island of Cuba and the reasons that led to it. Cuba's communist regime is facing the greatest threat of collapse in its decades-long rule of the island. The author of this paper wants to prove the existence of "two" Cubas, one on the island, while the other was created due to mass migrations in the South Florida region. That "other" Cuba has a great influence on the elections in the USA as well as on its foreign policy towards Cuba. It is not possible to single out a specific methodology that contributed to this work, as mentioned this is the result of multidisciplinary research, all the methods used are listed in a separate chapter and all of them are significant. The US Trump administration wants to carry out a long-awaited geopolitical strategy of overthrowing the only remaining "real" communist government in the world located just 90 miles from the US mainland.