Perceived Security, Intention to Adopt and Actual Usage Behavior of Duitnow among Indonesian Tourists in Malaysia

Abstract

The integration of cross-border Quick Response (QR) payment systems, such as Malaysia's Duit Now and Indonesia's QRIS, represents a pivotal advancement in the ASEAN digital economy. Despite its potential to enhance the tourism experience by streamlining financial transactions, security and privacy concerns remain significant barriers to adoption among international travelers. Grounded in an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigates the structural interrelationships between perceived security, intention to adopt, and actual usage behavior of the DuitNow platform among Indonesian tourists in Malaysia. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional research design, primary data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from 184 Indonesian tourists at high-traffic destinations in Kuala Lumpur. The proposed hypotheses were analyzed using Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and the Sobel test for mediation. The empirical results reveal that perceived security significantly and positively influences both intentions to adopt and actual usage behavior of DuitNow. Furthermore, intention to adopt strongly predicts actual usage and functions as a significant mediator in the relationship between perceived security and actual usage behavior. This research contributes theoretically by positioning perceived security as a paramount antecedent in cross-border financial transactions and demonstrating its critical role in shaping user intent. Practically, the findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, fintech developers, and hospitality stakeholders to optimize user-centric and secure digital payment infrastructures, thereby fostering trust and adoption within the regional tourism sector.