Design and Evaluation of Activity-Based Instructional Materials for Teaching Evolution and Enhancing Science Process Skills

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and evaluate an inquiry-based activity sheet on the topic of evolution for Grade 11 learners. A developmental research design was employed, involving curriculum mapping, drafting of instructional content, expert validation, revision, and evaluation by science teachers and school administrators. The activity sheet was designed to align with curriculum standards while promoting inquiry-based learning and the development of science process skills. The developed instructional material underwent face and content validation by a panel of experts to ensure accuracy, clarity, alignment, and instructional quality. Feedback from the validators guided the revision and improvement of the material. Subsequently, the revised activity sheet was evaluated using a standardized instrument adapted from the Department of Education Evaluation Rating Sheet for Print Resources. The evaluation covered four components: content, format, presentation and organization, and accuracy and up-to-datedness of information. Results showed that the activity sheet obtained a very satisfactory rating in content (M = 3.86), format (M = 3.83), and presentation and organization (M = 3.83), indicating that the material is appropriate, well-structured, and supports higher-order thinking skills. It also achieved a perfect rating in accuracy (M = 4.00), suggesting that conceptual, factual, and grammatical errors were not present. The findings indicate that the developed activity sheet is a valid and high-quality instructional material suitable for teaching evolutionary biology. Although not implemented in a classroom setting, the material demonstrates strong potential to support effective science instruction.