Assessing the Impact of LNG Fuel use in Logistics on Operational Efficiency and Economics in the Vietnamese Agricultural Export Supply Chain

Abstract

This study aims to assess the impact of applying liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a green energy solution on logistics operations and the efficiency of Vietnam's agricultural export supply chain. Using a qualitative and quantitative approach with a PLS-SEM model, the research results confirm that supportive policies positively promote the adoption of LNG in green supply chains; the adaptability of businesses; and the readiness for technological innovation. Interestingly, the study highlights the moderating role of supportive policies in relation to the level of LNG usage in logistics, which most strongly impacts both economic efficiency and logistics operations. To transform supportive policies into a competitive advantage from LNG adoption, businesses need to view this as an opportunity to invest heavily in digital transformation, strengthen the institutional framework, focus on policy, create a green and smart logistics ecosystem, develop infrastructure, and promote LNG use, ultimately making LNG a pillar for the sustainable development of the agricultural supply chain.