Healthcare System Gaps and Preventable Deaths among Elderly People in Taraba South Senatorial Zone, Nigeria

Abstract

Preventable deaths among the elderly remain high, with over 70% deemed avoidable. This study investigated healthcare system gaps contributing to elderly deaths in Taraba South Senatorial Zone, Nigeria, using the Social Determinants of Health theory. A cross-sectional survey design combining quantitative and qualitative methods was employed. From a population of 1,068,367, a sample of 1,110 respondents was selected through multistage sampling across five Local Government Areas. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, Focus Group Discussions, and Key Informant Interviews. Findings showed that 69.6% of respondents cited long distances and poor transport as barriers, while 72% identified insufficient healthcare funding. Chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level revealed that accessibility (p = 0.001) and funding (p = 0.001) significantly influenced preventable deaths. The study recommended increased healthcare funding, geriatric training, and adoption of telemedicine to reduce preventable deaths among the elderly in Taraba South.